Tipos penales diferenciados en la Corte Penal Internacional y en los derechos humanos (ni los mismos delitos ni tampoco los mismo crímenes)
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Date
2019
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Revista del Centro de Estudios Superiores Navales
Abstract
Este ensayo aborda la discusión de cómo el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos (DDHH) ha influenciado humanizando a otras disciplinas del conocimiento en derecho internacional como lo es el derecho internacional humanitario (DIH) y el derecho internacional penal (DIP). Se arriba a la conclusión de la noción de humanidad bien sustentada en la costumbre internacional como el punto de conexión entre estas tres disciplinas diferenciadas en derecho objetivo, subjetivo y procesal.
Se sostiene conforme a derecho internacional penal que las violaciones de derechos humanos incluso flagrantes no son crímenes internacionales porque las conductas delictivas se constituyen en tipos penales distintos, con elementos del tipo y del crimen diversos. De los ámbitos de aplicación en el trabajo de la Corte Penal internacional ratione materiae y ratione
personae, se llega a la conclusión de la existencia independiente y paralela de las disciplinas, aunque no excluyente, donde el DDHH es el nuevo watch dog de la sociedad global cuyo escrutinio condiciona inescapablemente al DIH y al DIP.
This essay addresses the discussion of how international human rights law (IHRL) has influenced humanizing other disciplines of knowledge in international law such as international humanitarian law (IHL) and international criminal law (ICL). We come to the conclusion of the notion of humanity well supported in international customary law as the point of connection between these three disciplines differentiated in objective, subjective and procedural law. It is held in accordance with the law that even flagrant human rights violations are not international crimes because the criminal conducts are constituted in different criminal types, with elements of the different type and crime. From the fields of application, ratione materiae and ratione personae in the work of the International Criminal Court, we come to the conclusion of the independent and parallel existence of the disciplines although not mutually exclusive, where IHRL is the new «watch dog» of the global society whose scrutiny inevitably conditions IHL and ICL.
This essay addresses the discussion of how international human rights law (IHRL) has influenced humanizing other disciplines of knowledge in international law such as international humanitarian law (IHL) and international criminal law (ICL). We come to the conclusion of the notion of humanity well supported in international customary law as the point of connection between these three disciplines differentiated in objective, subjective and procedural law. It is held in accordance with the law that even flagrant human rights violations are not international crimes because the criminal conducts are constituted in different criminal types, with elements of the different type and crime. From the fields of application, ratione materiae and ratione personae in the work of the International Criminal Court, we come to the conclusion of the independent and parallel existence of the disciplines although not mutually exclusive, where IHRL is the new «watch dog» of the global society whose scrutiny inevitably conditions IHL and ICL.
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Keywords
Estatuto de Roma, Corte Penal Internacional, derechos humanos, derecho humanitario, víctimas, acusados, responsabilidad individual, genocidio, crímenes de lesa humanidad, crímenes de guerra, agresión, costumbre internacional, jus cogens, ius in bello, derecho internacional penal, Rome Statute, International Criminal Court, human rights, humanitarian law, victims, defendants, individual responsibility, genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, aggression, international custom, jus cogens, ius in bello, international criminal law